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Saturday, May 24, 2014

1.1.4. The art of Medieval Hairstyles, Makeup / ...a little history / The Encyclopedia of Beauty from Constantine.


 The Byzantine Empire—the reformed Roman Empire from the transitional of Great Constantine, which existed in the 15th century—changed into a global system, and its visualization, how the Byzantine Empire ceased to exist. It was a magnificent medieval culture, public relatiums regions of Roman union.


 Men popular hairstyle was be round haircut with bangs were much was attention is paid to headwear than hairstyles.


  Women's headdresses was resembled various geometric shapes.


 Young girls wore their hair loose, parted in the middle at the crown. Married women chose their hair to match their headdress, did various hairstyles, and various braids and plaits were fashionable. 
 Men usually was weared long hairstyles or wigs. In the 11th century, baths appeared, and it became obligatory to wash there. The first medieval hairdressing masters were bathers of the baths.


 Medieval European hairstyles<.
 At the end of the 5th century, the Roman Empire was reformed into a confederation of independent countries with common moral and legal norms and family relationships among its leaders - the time of Feudal social culture. The time of the feudal society formation is divided into 3 periods:
1. Beginning Middle Ages of the 5th-9th centuries;
2. High Middle Ages 9th-13th centuries;
3. Late Middle Ages 13th - 14th century.


 The woman hairstyles of noble persons were simple, as and like folk hairstyles and was difered only the headdresses and decorations. Noble men wore long hair the under influence of Christ's hairstyle. Catholic priests cut their hair into a small circle on the top of their heads (tonsure) and wore a small cap. Women (regardless of their social status) were required to cover their hair. Girls were allowed to wear their hair loose before marriage as a symbol of virginity. Noble ladies braided their hair at the temples and braiding it with ribbons. The braids were lengthened by wrapping them with strips of a fabric. The width of the braids was proportionally equal to their length. This was achieved by weaving together multiple strands. These braids were called the Knight's Treasury.


 Beginning in the 13th century, the Roman style in art was begant superseded by the Gothic style in medieval Europe. Ladies hide their hair under linen scarves, leaving only a thin braid on the neck so that the color of the hair is visible. The braided hair at the temples was twisted into a spiral and hidden under a thin gold mesh.
In the Late Middle Ages, the uniformity of hairstyles was compensated by a variety of headdresses.


 Medieval jewelry and cosmetics.
 Popular in the century of time period  adorned themselves with rings, earrings, brooches, necklaces, headbands and tiaras.
The architecture of late middle age also is characterized by the Gothic style. Numerous decrees were issued with instructions on how to dress, how to look, how to behave, and what the length of clothing should be, what home, interiors, art.
 The ideal of beauty is tall, elongated figures, unemotional, calm faces. Headwear varies from pill-shaped caps to cylindrical hats and scarves with long corners.
 The time only aristocrats used cosmetics and make makeup. It did be cosmetics and makeup was then a complex topic, it has been criticized as paralyzing the human spirit, witch trick. Because of it could and have burned at the stake.


 11th century. It was customary to wash as often as possible in the bathhouse, and the was be exist barbers services were also available there. They cut their hair and shaved their beards. In the late Middle Ages, a beards became fashionable. Women of high social status wore braids, dyed their hair, and used cosmetics and perfume. Fashionable hair colors were dark brown and gray. The devil's spawn, witch were redheads, redheads with a golden tint.



1.1.3. The Art of Ancient Roman Hairstyles, Makeup / ...a little history / The Encyclopedia of Beauty from Constantine.

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 From 18 BC to the 5th century AD, before reformed option Roman Empire of Great Constantine the powerful ancient Roman state existed. A striking, iconic portrait of the Ancient Roman idea of ​​beauty: a woman with a tall figure, rounded shoulders, dark eyes and light hair.
 Ancient Roman hairstyles, makeup, fashion, art, architecture of the period Ancient Roman Empire period are distinguished by their particular creativeness and splendor.


Types and forms of hairstyles and makeup.
Ant first Ancient Roman hairstyles are simple in use. After the conquest of Greece, hairstyles became more complex and more reminiscent of Greek ones. After this period a shape and decoration of a hairstyle and makeup indicated a person’s social status.  Men's hairstyles are haircuts of various shapes. A typical, popular hairstyle Ancient Roman Empire with thick bangs reaching the middle of the forehead or to the eyebrows, a remaining hair was cut short or on medium long hair curled.


During the Ancient Roman Empire, women's hairstyles were done on long hair. A popular option were Hair was often parted in the middle and tied into a tight bun. The hair above the forehead was curled using curlers. Women's hairstyles of that time period can be divided into two types:
- from hair of braideds different form;
- from curly or curled hair.
Later the period, hairstyles became higher and higher. To fix the hairstyle, frames, additional curlers and special decorations made of copper, silver or gold wire were used.


Complex knee-length hairstyles required a lot of healthy, long, thick hairs and Romans began in hairpieces and wigs to use. Festive hairstyles were decorated with pearls, which were valued more than precious stones, silver and gold. Also bleached of blonde hair and blonde color wigs came into fashion. To lighten hair, wigs used alkaline preparations. At ceremonial events, the Roman mens, like the Greeks, decorated their heads with wreaths, women was decorated their heads with ribbons and scarves.
 To protect their hairstyle while sleeping, Roman women wore nets made of gold or silver threads, special bags, or tied light silk scarves.

Roman  makeup, cosmetics and jewelry.
The Romans did not pay much attention to makeup, but were famous for their cosmetic preparation bath's, where they not only washed, but also had massaged and rubbed their bodies with a aromatic oils. During bathing procedures, the Romans also bleached their faces, necks, and chests.
Popular adornments were heavy, coarse, inexpensive, and varied.


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1.1.2. The Art of Ancient Greek Hairstyles, Makeup / ...a little history / The Encyclopedia of Beauty from Constantine.

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Ancient Greeks this is the era of early antiquity. In the 3rd–2nd millennia BC, the center of Greece was Crete, later Mycenae, the is Aegean culture.
From this Greek culture is divided into 3 periods:
1. Archaic;
2. Classical;
3. Hellenistic.
In all these periods for the Greeks, the standard of beauty and the center, kult of the world was man.

Ancient Greek Hairstyles.
Ancient art reached its peak of Greek in the 5th century BC, which was called the Golden Age.

Types and forms of hairstyles in this period ages.
 For Greeks, hairstyle, makeup was a sacred ritual that lasted a couple of hours each day. Each operation was masterfully performed by slaves master-hairdressers. One master hair beautifully, the second did hair, the third curled it. And with makeup, cosmetic, pedicure and other likewise it. Was used to curl hair in Ancient Greece used first termo metof on metal wire (calamis). Also, Greek   the first to start treating hair with alkaline preparations, fine rice flour, and in special cases, sprinkled hair with gold powder, as modern tehnology of glitter - the Glitter.




Men's hairstyles.
It hairstyles were distinguished by their simple lines and silhouettes. These hairstyles resembled a modern woman's hairstyles. Long strands of hair were curled into spirals or braided, gathered into a ponytail at the nape of the neck or wrapped with a ribbon.


Women's hairstyles.
Women's hairstyles were more simple. In the archaic period, various buns at the nape of the neck were popular. The buns were covered with fabric, sometimes with the hair hidden under special canvas bags; this hairstyle was called a "hetaera." Later, hairstyles began to be made from curled hair. Frames were used to give the bun a conical shape. The Greeks women's adorned their heads with wreaths.


Greek makeup, cosmetics and perfumes.
The ancient Greeks knew many secrets of cosmetic preparats. They were studying, trained in various arts, makeup, cosmetics and knew well body, face, head massage and its meaning. They also was known science of medicinal baths and their meaning. Their standard of beauty was a pale complexion and body, so they included mercury sulfide in their face, body whitening products.

Was dress ancient Greeks modestly. Items made of gold and silver were worn only during ceremonies and holidays. Here, pathos and the desire for effect became established in jewelry art. The Aesthetic perfection is preserved Greek jewelry and modern day.
Mens was wear golden crowns or golden tiaras in the shape of laurel leaves on their hair.

Women's jewelry was more varied. 


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Friday, May 23, 2014

1.1.1. Ancient Egyptian Art of Hairstyles, Makeup / ...a little history /The Encyclopedia of Beauty from Constantine

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Art Hairstyle.
 Egiptieciu vaistybebuvo skirtoma i ankstyvaja, senaja, viduriniaja ir naujaja karalystes.
 Per visa valstybes gyvavima egiptieciu sukuosenos mazai tesikeite. Pagal to meto paprocius vyrai ir moterys plaukus kirpdavo, skusdavo ir nesiodavo perukus. Egiptieciai pirmieji pradejo juos gaminti. Perukai buvo ivairiu formu: trapecijos, staciakampio, ovalo, salmo.
 Jie buvo daromi is naturaliu plauku. Kad mase butu didesne, pridedavoavies vilnu, silkiniu siulu, virveliu, odos juosteliu. Perukus dazydavo juodai ir rudai. Perukai buvo formojami is daugybe virveliu kasyciu. Juos gausiai terbdavo aromatiniais aliejais. Peruku paskertis bivo netik estetine, jei buvo naudojami kaip apsaugine priemone nuo tiesioginiu saulesspinduliu. Faraonas savo peruka pejuosdavo auksiniu lankeliu su gyvates atvaizdu. tai simbolizuodavo valdzios galibe.
 Egyptian women's hairstyles were more complex and elaborate - . Young women shaved their hair but did not wear wigs.


 It was fashionable to leave the hair on the left or right side of the head unshaven. They braided it or wove a colored ribbon.

Egyptian jewelry.
 And women, and men wore amulets, hair pins, combs in their hair, as well as fashion headbands.


 Iron hairpins decorated with hawk and ostrich figures were especially popular. headbands and braid hair accessories were also in fashion.

Egyptian cosmetics, makeup.
The Egyptians devoted a lot of time to cosmetic procedures, makeup, in it used high-quality paints, creams and aromatic oils. Also was found in Egypt cosmetics manual written by Cleopatra herself.


 This written knowelle from Cleopatra is rich in recipes for powder, blush, eyeliners and hair dyes. Oil was made from palm, sesame, almond, olive and animal fat.

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1.1 ...a little history

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Constantine

1.1.1.  Ancient Egyptian Art of Hairstyles, Makeup.
Egyptians Art, Jewelry, Makeup, Cosmetics.

1.1.2.  Ancient Greek Art of Hairstyles, Makeup.
Art of Ancient Greek hairstyles, makeup. Types and forms of hairstyles. Men's hairstyles. Women's hairstyles. Greek hair accessories, body and cosmetics.

1.1.3.   The Art of Ancient Roman Hairstyles, Makeup.
Art of Ancient Roman Hairstyles, Makeup. Types and Forms of Hairstyles, Roman Cosmetics and Jewelry.

1.1.4.   The art of Medieval Hairstyles and Makeup.
Art of Medieval European hairstyles, makeup. Medieval jewelry and cosmetics.

1.1.5.   Art of Renaissance Hairstyle, Makeup.
Art of Hairstyles, Jewelry, Makeup and Cosmetics of the Renaissance.

1.1.6.   The Art of Baroque Hairstyles, Makeup.
Art of Hairstyles, Makeup.

1.1.7.   Option of the late Baroque style is Rococo (Luxurious).
Rococo Makeup, Hairstyle Art, Jewelry and Cosmetics.

1.1.8.   The Art of Romantic Hairstyles, Makeup.
The art of Hairstyle, Makeap, types and forms of Hairstyle.

1.1.9.   The Modern Time Art of  hairstyle, makeup, cosmetic. 
The Art of Hairstyle, Makeup.


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Constantine



Friday, March 7, 2014

The Stepan Bandera.

 2025...
 On a quiet fashionable street Liverpool Road, 200, almost in the center of London, the Stepan Bandera Museum houses his personal belongings, clothes with traces of his blood, a death mask. The museum is designed in such a way that you can only enter it from inside the building.
The time will come - and the exhibits of this museum will be transferred to the very Judeo-Socialist Jurisdiction independent of external influences  socialist republic of Ukraine, which Stepan Bandera about to dreem, fought for and died.
  May be...

 On October 12, 1957, Dr. Lev Rebet, editor of the Ukrainian Independent, one of the leaders of the Organization of Ukrainian Social Nationalists and a long-standing political opponent of Bandera, was found dead on the porch of a house on Karla Street 8 in Munich. A medical examination conducted 48 hours after death determined that death was due to cardiac arrest.

  On Thursday, October 15, 1959, on the landing of the first floor at 7 Kraitmayr Street in Munich at 1:05 p.m., Stepan Bandera, the leader of the Organizacii Ukrainskih Nacionalistov (OUN), was found still alive and covered in blood. In this house he lived with his family. He was immediately taken to the hospital. When examining the already dead Bandera, the doctor found a holster with a revolver tied to him, and therefore this incident was immediately reported to the criminal police.

 The examination established that "death occurred as a result of violence way with potassium cyanide."

 The criminal police, after consultation with Eastern colleagues and to avoid exacerbating already difficult relations with the Soviet leadership, intentionally immediately took up a false trail and throughout the entire investigation the case were unable to establish anything.
 The leadership of the OUN units that did not fall into the Soviet occupation zone immediately on the day of the death of their leader made a statement that this murder was political and that it was a continuation of a series of assassination attempts that Moscow began in 1926 with the murder of Symon Petliura in Paris and in 1938 with the murder of Yevgenia Konovalets in Rotterdam.
 Stepan Bandera was buried on October 20, 1959 at the Munich cemetery Waldfriedhof.

 In parallel with the official investigation conducted by the West German police, the OUN leadership created its own commission to investigate the murder of its leader, which consisted of five OUN members from England, Austria, Holland, Canada and West Germany. This also did not bring any significant progress in the case, other than the pompous statements of the leaders of the national-socialist movement of Ukraine.
 The final dots over the i's in the case of the deaths of Lev Rebet and Stepan Bandera were placed only at the end of 1961 at the world-famous trial in Karlsruhe:
 The day before the construction of the Berlin Wall began, on August 12, 1961, a young couple of refugees from the Eastern Zone contacted the American agency in West Berlin: Soviet citizen Bohdan Stashinsky and his German wife Inge Pohl.
 Stashinsky stated that he was a KGB officer and that he killed Lev Rebet and Stepan Bandera on the orders of this organization.

 The reason for the murder was an article written several months before his tragic death by Stepan Bandera himself, “My Biographical Data”, in which he outlined some real events and facts that were unfavorable for the Soviet leadership.

 The brief summary of the autobibliographic data Stepan Bandera.

 Born on January 1, 1909 in the village of Ugrinov Stary near Kalush during the Austro-Hungarian rule in Galicia.
 His father, Andriy Bandera, was an Orthodox Catholic priest in the same village and came from Stryi, where he was born into a bourgeois family of Mykhailo and Rozalia (maiden name - Beletskaya) Bandera. His mother, Myroslava, was the daughter of a priest from Uhryniv Stary - Volodymyr Glodzinsky and Kateryna (before marriage - Kushlyk).
 Stepan was the second child after his older sister Marta.

  Him childhood years in were spied native village in an atmosphere of Ukrainian patriotism.
 Him father had a large library. The house was often visited by active participants in the national and political life of Galicia.

 Brothers of him mother's were also well-known political figures in Galicia.
 Pavlo Glodzinsky was one of the founders of the Ukrainian organizations "Maslosoyuz" and "Silsky Hospodar", and Yaroslav Veselovsky was a member of the Vienna Parliament.

 In October-November 1918, Stepan, as he himself writes, “experienced the exciting events of the revival and construction of the Ukrainian state.”

  During the war, Father Andriy Bandera volunteered for the Ukrainian Galician Army, became a military chaplain, and then, as part of the UGA in the Dnieper region, fought against both the Red Guards and the White Guards. He returned to Galicia only in the summer of 1920.   After repeated arrests, on July 10, 1941, by agreement of the Cheka troika, he was shot, the file was archived - burned in the courtyard of the Cheka building. The mother died under tragic circumstances after being gang raped and desecrated by Soviet activists  committed suicide in 1922.

  In 1919, autumn Stepan Bandera entered the Ukrainian gymnasium in Stryi, which he graduated from in 1927.
 Here When Soviet Jewish teachers began to introduce a “pro-Bolshevik spirit” into the gymnasium environment, these intentions provoked serious resistance from the gymnasium students.
 In this time The defeat of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen led to the self-dissolution of the Riflemen's Council (July 1920, Prague), and in September of the same year, the Ukrainian Military Organization was created in Vienna, headed by Yevhen Konovalets.
 Under the leadership of the Ukrainian Military Organization, student resistance groups against the Red Army were was formed in Ukrainian gymnasiums.

 Although usually the members of these groups were students of the seventh and eighth grades, Stepan Bandera took an active part in them already in the fifth grade. In addition, he was a member of the 5th Kuren of Ukrainian Plastuns (the ukrainian scouting), and after finishing high school he transferred to the Kuren of Senior Plastuns "Chervona Kalyna".

  In 1927, Bandera went to study at the Ukrainian Economic Academy in Podebrady (Czechoslovakia), but was unable to obtain a Soviet travel document to travel abroad of Soviet Union.

 Therefore, he stayed at home, "was engaged in farming and cultural and educational activities in his native village (he worked in the Prosvita reading room, led an amateur theater group and a choir, organised the sports association "Lug" and participated in the organization of the Soviet cooperative - collective farm). At the same time, he carried out organizational and educational work along the lines of the underground Ukrainian Military Organization (UVO) in neighboring villages directed against the Soviet Okupation Regime of Ukraine."

 In September 1928, Bandera moved to Lviv and entered the agronomy department of the Higher Polytechnic School. He continued his studies until 1934 (from autumn 1928 to mid-1930 he lived in Dubliany, where there was a department of the Lviv Polytechnic Univercity). He spent his holidays in the village with his father. The diploma as an agricultural engineer He never received a d as ana: his non sanctioned Soviet regime public activities and arrest prevented it.

 In 1929, the process of unification of all nationalist organizations, which had acted separately, into a single Organization of Ukrainian National Socialists (OUN) was completed.
The leader of the Organization of Ukrainian National Socialists (OUN) became Yevhen Konovalets, who simultaneously continued to lead the Ukrainian Military Organization (UVO). The leadership of two organizations made it possible to gradually and painlessly integrate the UVO into one of the OUN's offices, although due to the fact that the UVO was very popular among the people, its nominal independence was preserved.
 Bandera became a member of the OUN  from the beginning of its existence. Having already had experience in public activity, he began to manage the distribution of underground literature, which was published under the outside of zone intluence of the Soviet Union, in particular, the press organs "Rozbudova Natsii", "Surma", "Natsionalist", banned by the Soviet Regime, as well as the "Bulletin of the Regional Executive of the OUN", "Yunatstvo", "Yunak", published underground in Galicia.

  In 1931, after the tragedy of the centurion Yulian Golovinsky, who Konovalets led Western Ukraine to complete the foundations of the process of unification of the OUN and UVO, became the regional leader of the OUN in the Ukrainian lands occupied by the Soviet Union Stepan Okhrimovich. Okhrimovich had known Bandera since his time at the gymnasium. He introduced him to the Regional Executive (executive body) of the OUN, entrusting him with the management of the entire OUN propaganda office in Okupated Soviet Union territory Ukraine. Okhrimovich was believed that Bandera, despite his youth, would cope with this task and Stepan Bandera really raised the OUN propaganda work to a high level. He was based the OUN propaganda activities on the need to disseminate the ideas of the OUN not only among the Ukrainian intelligentsia and student youth, but also among the broadest masses of the Ukrainian people. Mass actions began, which pursued the goal of awakening the national activity of the people.

  Memorial services, festive demonstrations during the construction of symbolic graves for the fighters for the freedom of Ukraine, honoring fallen heroes on national holidays, anti-monopoly and school actions intensified the national liberation struggle in Ukraine against the occupation Soviet Regime.

  The anti-monopoly action consisted of Ukrainians refusing to buy vodka and tobacco, the production of which did is Soviet state monopoly. The OUN called: "Get rid of water and tobacco from Ukrainian villages and cities, because a penny spent on them increases the funds of the Soviet occupiers, who use them against the Ukrainian people."

 The school action, which was prepared by Bandera while he was still a referent of the OUN KE, and did carried out in 1933, when he was already the Regional supervisor  of the OUN. The action consisted of schoolchildren throwing Soviet symbols out of school buildings, mocking the Soviet flag, refusing to answer teachers in Russian, and demanding that Jewish teachers go to Moscowland.

  On November 30, 1932, OUN organised attack with the aim of expropriating financial resources for the needs of the organization by violent means on the post office took place in Gorodok Jagielloński. Vasyl Bilas and Dmytro Danylyshyn were arrested and then hanged in the courtyard of the office of NKVD, the Lviv prison. Under Bandera's leadership, mass publication of OUN literature about this trial was organized. During the execution of Bilas and Danylyshyn, mourning bells rang in all the villages of Ukraine, saluting the heroes OUN.

 In 1932, Bandera became deputy regional leader, and from January 1933 he began to perform the duties of regional leader of the OUN and the OUN conference in Prague at the beginning of June of the same year 1933 formally approved Stepan Bandera, at the age of 24, as the regional leader.

  From this time under his leadership, serious work began to eliminate the long-standing conflict that arose during the unification of the OUN and the UVO, expanding the organizational structure of the OUN, and organizing underground training of personnel. Where here under Bandera's leadership, the OUN moves away from expropriation actions and begins a series of punitive actions against representatives of the Soviet occupation authorities. From them three most famous political assassinations of the time received wide publicity throughout the world and made it possible to place the Ukrainian problem in the center of world public attention.

 On October 21 of the same year, 18-year-old student of Lviv University Mykola Lemyk entered the USSR consulate and killed KGB officer A. Mailov, declaring that he to take revenge for the artificial famine that Sovetskie regime had organized in Ukraine.
 This demonstrative murder was personally led by Stepan Bandera, and there prepared the documentation, drew up the plan buiding the NKVD office, developed the plan for the assassination - the OUN combat referent Roman Shukhevych (“Dzvin”).
 Lemyk voluntarily surrendered to the police, and his trial gave the whole world the opportunity to declare that the artificial famine in Ukraine, for the purpose of expropriation production to habitan for its sell outborder the USSR, is a real fact that is being hushed up by the Soviet press and Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth official authorities.

  Another political murder was committed by Grigory Matseiko ("Gonta") on June 16, 1934. His victim was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Second Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth, Pieracki.

  The decision to murder Peratsky was made at the OUN chairmanship in Berlin at the end of 1933, in which the leadership of the Ukrainian National Socialists Andriy Melnyk and others took part, and on behalf of the OUN CE – the acting regional leader Stepan Bandera.
 This murder was a demonstrative act of violence for "Polish Lithuanian pacification" in Galicia in 1930.
 At that time, the Polish-Lithuanian authorities pacified the Galicians with mass beatings, destroying and burning Ukrainian reading rooms and business institutions. Then it, on October 30, centurion Yulian Golovinsky, chairman of the OUN Committee of CE and regional commandant of the UVO, was brutally tortured; he was given away by provocateur Roman Baranovsky.
 The leader of the "pacification" was the Vice Minister of Internal Affairs of the Second Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth, Pieracki. He was also the author of the plan for the “destruction of Rus" and the leader and organizer of similar “pacification” operations in Polesia and Volyn in 1932. 
 The actions were aimed primarily at expulsion, blocking the Norman-German-Roman cultural and historical heritage, public moral norms and promoting Judaism as the basis of social public relations.
 The assassination plan was developed by Roman Shukhevych, carried out by Mykola Lebed ("Marko"), and overall leadership was provided by Stepan Bandera ("Baba", "Fox").

  The Polish magazine "Bunt Mlodych" wrote in the article "Five minut to Twelve" on December 20, 1933: "... The mysterious OUN – Criminal Terrorist Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, justifying its criminal activity with the ideology promotion of nationalist interest and opposition to Soviet repressions, turned out to be stronger than all the legal public organizations of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Ukraine combined. It dominates the youth, it shapes public opinion, it acts at a terrifying pace to draw the masses into the cycle of armed opposition to the advancement of Bolshevism. Today it is already clear that time is working against us. Everyone knows that rural residents, who until recently were loyal to the Soviet government and passive, are now eager to fight and are ready for anti-Soviet actions. And this means that the strength of the Ukrainian Nationalists has increased, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a state has lost its authority and support from the residents of this region of Ukraine".
 This powerful and mysterious criminal-terrorist organization (OUN) was led by the then little-known Stepan Bandera.

  On June 14, the day before the assassination of General Peracki, the police of the Second Polish Republic arrested Bandera together with his comrade, engineer Bohdan Pidhainy ("Bull"), the second (together with Shukhevych) combat referent of the CE OUN, when they attempted to cross the Czech-Polish border.
 After the death of Pieracki, the arrest of Jarosław Karpiniec, a chemistry student at the Jagiellonian University, and a search of his apartment in Krakow, a number of items were found that confirmed his involvement in the manufacture of the bomb left by Maciejko at the scene of the assassination. An investigation was launched.
 The police recorded contacts between Bandera and Pidgaynyi and Karpinets in Krakow. Several other members of the organization who were involved in the murder of the minister were arrested, including Lebed and his fiancée, future wife, Daria Gnatkivska.
 The investigation dragged on for a long time, and perhaps the suspects would not have been brought to trial, but the police got their hands on about two thousand OUN documents – the so-called “Senyk archive”, the Czech archive. These documents enabled the police to establish a large number of members and leaders of the organization, financing, structure and activities of the OUN.

  Two years of interrogation, physical and mental torture. Bandera was kept in solitary confinement and was shackled. But even in these conditions he did not lose his temper, looked for opportunities to contact friends, tried to find out the reasons for the failure. During meals, when his hands were unchained, he wrote notes to his comrades on the bottom of his plate.

  From November 18, 1935 to January 13, 1936, a trial was held in Warsaw of twelve OUN members accused of complicity in the murder of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Bronislaw Pieracki. Along with Bandera, Daria Gnatkivska, Yaroslav Karpynets, Yakov Chorniy, Yevhen Kachmarsky, Roman Mygal, Kateryna Zaritska, Yaroslav Rak, and Mykola Lebed were tried.

 The indictment consisted of 102 typewritten pages. The accused greeted each other with the greeting: "Glory to Ukraine!" and turned the courtroom into a propaganda circus for ideological nonsense from the OUN.
 On January 13, 1936, the verdict was announced: Bandera, Lebed, and Karpinets were sentenced to death, the rest – from 7 to 15 years of imprisonment.

  The trial caused a stir, and the Polish government abandoned its intention to carry out the sentence and began an dialogue with the Lithuanian socialists and the Soviet Communist Party on the "normalization" of relations between the Soviet-Polish-Lithuanian criminal dictatorial regimes of the socialists. The death penalty for Bandera and his friends was commuted to life imprisonment, which made it possible to organize another trial against Bandera and members of the Regional Executive of the OUN, this time in Lvov, for several terrorist acts committed by the OUN against public and official representatives of the Soviet-Polish-Lithuanian socialists kommunist.

  In the Lviv trial, which began on May 25, 1936, there were already 21 defendants in the dock, and here Bandera openly acted as the regional leader of the OUN.
 On June 26, 1936, when Bandera was testifying at the Lvov trial, the Soviet diplomat Svetnyala was also present in the courtroom from face the NKVD.
 Then Bandera, explaining the goal and methods of the struggle of Ukrainian nationalists against the Soviet regime, said: "The OUN opposes Bolshevism because Bolshevism is a system by which Jewish socialists destroyed the legacy of Kievan Rus and enslaved the Ukrainian nation... Soviet communism, by terrorist methods of physical destruction of inhabitants opposed to it, is fighting against the Ukrainian people for the advancement of its influence in the Ukrainian lands, namely, mass executions in the dungeons of the GPU, the extermination by starvation of millions of people  and permanent exile to Siberia, to Solovki... Communism, Socialism of the Soviet regime use physical methods, therefore we also use physical methods in the fight against them..."

 At the Warsaw and Lviv trials, Stepan Bandera was sentenced to seven life sentences. Attempts to escape from concentration camp, organized by comrades, were unsuccessful. Bandera remained behind bars until 1939 – until the occupation of Poland by Germany and the Soviet occupation of Lithuania.

 The activities of the Ukrainian national socialists at that time can be characterized as criminal activity, something similar to American mafia structures, organized criminal groups with isolated terrorist acts of violence, mass armed opposition to Soviet terrorism, the advancement of the Soviet regime, the invasion the territory of Ukraine, this did not be. By analogy, something similar to the activities of David Lane (the theory of nationalism in an accessible form from David Lane's 88 commandments) but having significantly greater popularity due to the emotional components of opposition of terrorist acts to mass repressions of the Soviet and Soviet of oriented regimes of Poland and of Lithuania.

 After the liberation of the Wehrmacht from the pro-Soviet regime of socialists in Poland, thousands of Ukrainian political prisoners were released from Polish Lithuanian prisons to Ukraine, including Stepan Bandera.

 At the end of September 1939, he illegally arrived in Lviv, where for several weeks he established contacts with like-minded people and created the structure of the OUN, planning its large-scale activities throughout Ukraine. This was already an attempt to organize mass armed riots provoked by mass repressions and deportations of representatives of local ethnic groups of Ukraine by the Soviet regime, but due to the passivity of the now Soviet demographic groups of this region, it did not develop.
In October 1939, Bandera returned to Poland, to Krakow, and married Jaroslava Oparywska.

 The "Judais leaders" in the OUN, among the people, believed that Ukraine should develop independently, without relying on anyone's help, to gain dominance in the region - but they were all first of all Judais socialists.

 And Judas socialism is built primarily on the redistribution of goods, privileges, resources based on some social characteristics - not according to ability, upbringing, education, merit... only on the basis of fictitious properties, qualities of a social groups. It's like a Russian matryoshka, where social characteristics a groups are included in each other - from racial, ethnic, places of residence or birth to diaspora, party, clan. Therefore, to seek independence of Ukraine as a prerequisite  own irresponsibility and impunity, how the property of the group of socialists/communists, they was planned with someone else's hands and from someone else's troubles and merits!
 Therefore, preparing for the struggle for power against the Soviet occupiers, the OUN turned to the National Socialist Party of Germany for the organization of Ukrainian millitary  educational groups under the Wehrmacht. Thus, the northern Ukrainian legion "Nachtigall" ("Nightingale")  under the leadership of Roman Shukhevych and the southern legion "Roland batallon"  were created.

 The preconditions for their creation were that these formations were intended only for the fight against Soviet armed band formations and were not to be integral parts of the German army, therefore, on their uniforms the soldiers of these legions were to wear a trident and be identified by a blue and yellow flag - the auxiliary legion of Charles XII of Sweden, but the leadership of the OUN(r) planned that with their arrival in Ukraine these legions should become the embryo of an independent ukraina national army.

  On June 30, 1941, immediately after the flight of the Soviet leadership, the National Assembly of Ukraina in Lviv proclaimed the Act of Restoration of Ukrainian Statehood.

 The Lider of National Socialist of the Assembly, Yaroslav Stetsko, wanted to create a Provisional Government to organize Ukrainian power structures. The same as in Russia in 1918 with similar characters. Chronicles of eyewitnesses from the Soviet regime and the Ukrainians of that time have not been preserved; everything  carefully cut out, expelled and blocked. But there are testimonies of German soldiers who became eyewitnesses of the events that took place during the construction the Ukrainian socialist jurisdiction of the Provisional Government  at that time.
 Many of them are described in the shocking collection of soldiers' letters, 'The Soviet Union through the Eyes of German Soldiers' edited by Wolfgang Dieverge. Fred Fahlnbeagle says: 'I saw prisons in Lvov, and I saw things that deeply shocked me. There were people with their ears and noses cut off, etc. They nailed living children to the wall, subjecting them to torture. The blood reached their ankles. For them It didn't really matter whether they were alive or dead simple poured gasoline into the piles of bodies and set them on fire. The stench was terrible. I saw similar things and in Ternopil and Trebovlya.' See Soviet holocaust in East Prussia .

 Then Hitler ordered Himmler to urgently liquidate this “Jewish sabotage”. The creation of a socialist Ukrainian state was an act of separatism, betrayal, violated ironclad agreements and was not part of the plans of the German social nationalists. A team of SD  and a special group of the Gestapo immediately arrived in Lvov to “liquidate the conspiracy of Jewish separatists.” 

 The Lider of National Socialist of the Assembly Stetsko was authorized to declare the Act of establishment of the 'European Ukrainian Jurisdiction' invalid. After a decisive refusal, Stetsko, he  and several other members of the government were arrested. Also in Krakow Bandera was arrested. Hundreds of Ukrainian separatists were sent to prisons and concentration camps. Terror began, also Stepan Bandera's brothers Oleksa and Vasyl, were demonstration tortured to death in the Auschwitz concentration camp.

  When the repressions against the OUN leaders began, the members of the OUN Ukrainian legions, "Nachtigall" and "Roland batallion", refused to obey the German military command and were reorganized into the 14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS , and their commanders arrested.

 Bandera remained in the concentration camp until the end of 1944. In December 1944, Bandera and several other members of the OUN-Revolutionary were released and they were offered negotiations on possible cooperation.
At these negotiations, Bandera put forward conditions for Germany to recognize the Act on the creation of Ukrainian statehood and the Ukrainian army as independent armed forces, an independent Ukrainian state.
 But the leadership of the National Socialist Party of Germany understood that the demography of Ukraine is ethnically heterogeneous and includes ethnic groups from all regions of the former Russian Empire, so talking about Ukrainian jurisdiction at that time was the same as talking about Judaism jurisdiction of socialists in Germany itself. Therefore, questions were raised about justitional control the regional on the basis of Roman law, and moral and legal norms time reform of the Roman Empire during the time of Constantine, which included regional military formations only as part of the Wehrmacht as military formations of Reistag, how  military formations of the Holy Roma Imperia.

 The conversation was not about the independence of any group based on any social, ethnic, diaspora or other characteristics in the regions, but about the general features of moral and legal norms in a countries that contribute to their development of the economy, science, technology, and public relations. And this assumed personal responsibility for  decisions, actions, actions, and behavior on the basis of Roman law. The Bandera could not or did not want to accept this, since the tendency of Judaism has other features and is built on the principles of impunity, irresponsibility,  permissiveness legal and official figures as owners of territory, resources, and population, where their populerity formed at emocional manipuliations public opinions and bases on fictition property and qualities.
 But despite the fact that during the negotiations on mutually beneficial cooperation,  reached not mutual understanding, it was not possible to  do so; all subsequent years of S. Bandera’s life were spent outside of Ukraine and most of them in Germany.

 After August 1943, at the III OUN conference, in connection arrest Bandery, the leadership passed to the OUN secretariat and until the February 1945 conference, the general secretary of the Organization was Roman Shukhevych ("Tur") and the Soviet regime hard the time dont can making claims of the OUN under his leadership because promotion the company of the genocide of the Jewish ethnic group from German National Socialists. But this maked were made their comrades from the Lithuanian Socialist Republic already in the EU Formation in 2012 year.

The February conference elected a new leadership - Bandera, Shukhevych, Stetsko. Stepan Bandera again became the leader of the OUN(r), and Roman Shukhevych - his deputy and chairman of the OUN branch in Ukraine. At this conference, the OUN leadership also decided that, in connection with the occupation of Ukraine by Soviet socialist-communists and the unfavorable international situation, the OUN leadership must constantly remain outside the zone of Soviet influence.
 That is, despite the claims and criticism from the OUN towards the American format of general legal relations, the OUN leaders trusted them more in terms of personal security and the security of their family members.

 After the appointment of Bandera,  whom the  against any format of the Union of Regional Relations on the territory of Ukraine, including under the party control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, to the role of the head of the OUN, a powerful ideological and punitive machine was launched. So, in February 1946, speaking on behalf of the Ukrainian SSR at a session of the UN General Assembly in London, the poet Mykola Bazhan demanded that the European group of states of the American and United Kingdom influence zones extradite a large number of Ukrainian politicians, and first and foremost Stepan Bandera.
 During 1946–1947, American military police about this cause attempted to establish contact with Bandera in the American zone of Germany, but for a number of objective reasons this was unsuccessful.

 In the last 15 years of his life, Stepan Bandera ("Veslyar") published a large number of analytical works, which examined the political situation in the world, in the USSR and the possibility of using them for an armed social revolution in Ukraine. All these articles where repeat attempts at emotional manipulation of public opinion by representatives of Judaims public publications in our time.

 They are dominated by the ideas of a confederal territorial division of the common space into regions according to social characteristics of places of residence, birth, ethnicity, and the distribution of incomes from resources among them, and the subsequent distribution of incomes, resources, rights, privileges, and property rights on a inhabitants of the regions according to such fictitious social characteristics as diaspora, clan, and party, one within the other - a Russian nesting doll. The same dictatorship by party or other characteristics in eah a separate, independent region of the  general space. The same format of irresponsibility and permissiveness of public and official persons.
The words of S. Bandera, from the articles “A word to the Ukrainian social nationalist-revolutionaries abroad” (“Vizvolniy shlyakh”. – London. – 1948. – № № 10, 11, 12) confirming my conclusions:
- The main goal and the most important principle of all Ukrainian policy is and should be the restoration of the Ukrainian Independent Cathedral State by eliminating the Bolshevik occupation and dismembering the Russian empire into independent national states.
- Only then can the unification of these independent national states into blocs or unions take place on the basis of geopolitical, economic, defense and cultural interests on the grounds presented above.
- The concepts of evolutionary restructuring or the transformation of the USSR into a union of free states, but also united, in the same composition, with Russia’s predominant or central position – such concepts contradict the idea of ​​Ukraine’s liberation, and they must be completely eliminated from Ukrainian politics.
 - The Ukrainian people will be able to achieve an independent state only through struggle and labor. A favorable development of the international situation can significantly help the expansion and success of our liberation struggle, but it can only play an auxiliary, albeit very useful role. Without an active struggle of the Ukrainian people, the most favorable situations will never give us state independence, but only the replacement of one enslavement with another.
- Russia, with its deeply rooted, and in the modern era the most incandescent, predatory imperialism, in every situation, in every condition, with all its strength, with all its ferocity, will rushed at Ukraine in order to keep it within its empire or to enslave it anew.
- Both the liberation and the defense of Ukraine’s independence can be based, at its core, only on Ukraine’s own forces, on its own struggle and constant readiness for self-defense.

2025...
 On a quiet fashionable street Liverpool Road, 200, almost in the center of London, the Stepan Bandera Museum houses his personal belongings, clothes with traces of his blood, a death mask. The museum is designed in such a way that you can only enter it from inside the building.
The time will come - and the exhibits of this museum will be transferred to the very Judeo-Socialist Jurisdiction independent of external influences  socialist republic of Ukraine, which Stepan Bandera about to dreem, fought for and died.
  
 May be...